This guidance page provides practical resources for humanitarian organizations seeking to integrate climate risk and impact data into decision-making, programming, and advocacy. It brings together key resources to help you understand, access, and apply data for more effective, climate-smart humanitarian action.
ICVA Webinar/Podcast: Understanding and Integrating Climate and Environment Risk Data in Humanitarian Action
The ICVA-PHAP learning Stream on Climate Change and Humanitarian Action provides a platform for the broader humanitarian community to better understand how we can reduce our impact of climate change by accelerating our own action, while also increasing environmental sustainability in line with commitments made within the Climate and Environment Charter for Humanitarian Organisations. Relevant to this thematic area, relevant webinars include: This webinar recording provided insights on:
Languages: English
Access: Free
IFRC Guide to Climate Smart Programs
This guide, produced by the IFRC and Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, is designed to help Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies make their programmes and operations climate-smart. Climate-smart means using climate information across timescales in designing and/or adjusting all our programmes and operations. In doing so, programmes and operations ensure that, at a minimum, they do not place people at increased risk in the future considering likely new climate extremes and growing vulnerabilities. A summary of the guide in English can be accessed here.
Languages: English, Spanish, and French
Access: Free
World Bank: Climate Change Knowledge Portal
The Climate Change Knowledge Portal (CCKP) provides global data on historical and future climate, vulnerabilities, and impacts. The portal includes country-level and watershed-level views, as well as an introductory video on how to use the CCKP
Languages: English
Access: Free
WMO’s State of the Global Climate
Since 1993, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), through the Commission for climatology and in cooperation with its Members, has issued annual statements on the status of the global climate to provide credible scientific information on climate and its variability. In order to unpack such complexity, the WMO State of the Global Climate uses seven Climate Indicators to describe the changing climate. More can be found online, include the State of the Global Climate Report for 2024.
Languages: English
Access: Free
UNEP A global foresight report on planetary health and human wellbeing
Eighteen signals of change – identified by hundreds of global experts and distilled through regional and stakeholder consultations that included youth – offer a glimpse into potential disruptions, both positive and negative, that the world needs to keep a watching brief on. The report outlines how to create an enabling environment for better decision-making by creating a new social contract, embracing agile and adaptive governance, and increasing integrated accessible data and knowledge.
Languages: English
Access: Free
CDKN’s Five Lessons for Communicating Climate Risk
Experts from the Climate and Development Knoweldge Network’s Raising Risk Awareness project share five lessons on communicating climate risk based on their work with local scientists, media, policy-makers and practitioners in India, Kenya and Ethiopia.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Communicating Climate Risk Toolkit
This toolkit is the result of interdisciplinary collaboration across the physical sciences, social sciences, and arts and humanities, incorporating input from policy and other stakeholders. It identifies key challenges in communicating climate science, both to support robust decision-making, and to inform wider societal shifts using effective climate storytelling. It offers lessons, recommendations, case studies and tools to address these challenges. Topics covered include varying conceptions of uncertainty and risk, tipping points, climate finance, and best practice in visualising and communicating uncertainty in data and climate models.
Languages: English
Access: Free
WHO’s Communicating on climate change and health: Toolkit for health professionals
While climate change is a big threat to health, implementing solutions to address climate change presents a huge opportunity to promote better health and protect people from climate-sensitive diseases. Communicating the health risks of climate change and the health benefits of climate solutions is both necessary and helpful. Health professionals are well-placed to play a unique role in helping their communities understand climate change, protect themselves, and realize the health benefits of climate solutions. This toolkit aims to help health professionals effectively communicate about climate change and health.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Risk Communication Toolkit for Environmental Issues and Concerns
The Toolkit is applicable to current, immediate, and emerging environmental issues and concerns. Risk communication can be particularly challenging when dealing with contaminants of emerging concern where science is rapidly evolving. Communicators must grapple with competing interpretations of uncertain science and risk management strategies, while earning community trust and promoting meaningful engagement. The discipline of community engagement is interwoven with risk communication and associated planning.
Languages: English
Access: Free
START Network Case Study: Communicating Climate Risk
This case study was developed through the START Network’s ACCCA Project (Advancing Capacity to Support Climate Change Adaptation). The project gained key insights into effective climate risk communication, emphasizing the importance of tailoring information to local contexts, engaging stakeholders through collaborative processes, using storytelling and accessible formats like musical or theatre presentations, and connecting technical information to community well-being and practical adaptation strategies.
Languages: English
Access: Free
CARE Climate Resilience Academy Courses
The CARE Climate and Resilience Academy is an online learning platform and capacity-sharing initiative run by the CARE Climate Justice Center and supported by CARE experts. Its main objective is to increase humanitarian and development practitioners’ capacities to integrate climate change and adaptation in programs and policies, thereby increasing the resilience of most vulnerable people to climate-related risk. The following courses are available to organizations seeking to learn more about integrating climate data and risk into programs and operations:
Languages: English, Spanish, French
Access: Free and paid courses
Integrating Climate Change in UNICEF’s Planning and Programming
The course on Integrating Climate Change in UNICEF Programming is structured around four core modules:
Languages: English
Access: Free. Designed for UNICEF staff and partners, including civil society.
The RRC.AP e-Learning Course Be Flood Prepared: Protect your community with FloodS!
FloodS is a FREE, user-friendly web tool that lets you simulate flood scenarios in your area. In this course, learn how to use FloodS with our 4-module e-learning series:
Languages: English
Access: Free
INFORM Risk Index: Climate Change
INFORM Climate Change Risk Index is an upgrade of INFORM Risk Index as it includes climate and socio-economic projections. It provides quantified estimates of the impacts of climate change on the future risk of humanitarian crises and disasters. The results are intended to inform policy choices across climate mitigation, climate adaptation, disaster risk reduction, sustainable development and humanitarian assistance.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Strata is a web-based geospatial data platform that identifies and tracks where environmental, climate, and security stresses converge with socio-economic vulnerabilities and instability. It is designed for practitioners, analysts, and policymakers who are seeking to assess and monitor where climate and environmental risks are converging with other vulnerability factors at different geographical scales to inform assessments, design and prioritise responses, and monitor impact.
Languages: English
Access: Free
UNICEF The Children’s Climate Risk Index
The Children’s Climate Risk Index (CCRI) provides the first comprehensive view of children’s exposure and vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. It ranks countries based on children’s exposure to climate and environmental shocks, such as cyclones and heatwaves, as well as their vulnerability to those shocks, based on their access to essential services. This report presents a conceptual framework, a tool and an initial assessment at a global level of children’s exposure and vulnerability to climate and environmental hazards, shocks and stresses – in order to help prioritize action for those most at risk.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Germany Federal Foreign Office: Climate—Conflict—Vulnerability Index
The Climate—Conflict—Vulnerability Index (CCVI) maps current global risks by integrating climate and conflict hazards with local vulnerabilities. The index comprises a harmonized set of data layers and a transparent scoring methodology to make regions globally comparable.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Copernicus earth observation and data services: Climate Change Service
Copernicus is the Earth observation component of the European Union’s Space programme. Copernicus has been specifically designed to meet user requirements. Based on satellite and in situ observations, the Copernicus services deliver near-real-time data on a global level which can also be used for local and regional needs, to help us better understand our planet and sustainably manage the environment we live in.
The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) supports society by providing authoritative information about the past, present and future climate in Europe and the rest of the World.
Copernicus offers technical support as well as training to users of the CDS, combining online learning with face-to-face events in most countries across Europe.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Climate Analytics: Climate Impact Explorer and Climate Risk Dashboard
Climate Analytics produce policy-relevant science and analysis on climate impacts, the energy transition, adaptation and loss and damage. We also monitor government climate action, highlighting policy options to accelerate progress in line with the Paris Agreement.
Languages: English
Access: Free
ND Gain Country Index
The Notre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative (ND-GAIN) aims to help private and public sectors prioritize climate adaptation, ultimately lowering risk and enhancing readiness. Free and open source, the ND-GAIN Country Index uses two decades of data across 45 indicators to rank 185 countries annually based upon their vulnerability and their readiness to successfully adapt.
Languages: English
Access: Free
The CliMoHub provides access to a wide range of qualitative and quantitative secondary data (sets), literature, case studies and visualisations with the aim of fostering a deeper understanding of the complex and interconnected issues at the intersection of climate change and human (im)mobility – including migration.
Languages: English
Access: Free
IWMI is an international, research-for-development organization, with offices in 15 countries and a global network of scientists operating in more than 55 countries.
Drought Monitoring System: The South Asia Drought Monitoring System (SADMS), established in 2014, is a weekly map of drought conditions that are produced and maintained at IWMI. Numerous drought indices, including the Integrated Drought Severity Index, Standardized Precipitation Index and Soil Moisture Index have been developed to provide advanced drought monitoring and assessment information for various purposes.
Flood Risk Mapping: Remotely sensed information from satellites and airborne instruments can be used for estimating the extent and dynamics of flood inundation for large areas and can complement in-situ observations. IWMI’s flood risk spatial datasets contain estimated maximum flood inundation extent for South Asia, Southeast Asia and Nigeria.
Languages: English
Access: Free
The East Africa Hazards Watch supports tracking extreme events such as drought, cyclones, pests (desert locust), heavy rainfall, floods or crop failures, which are increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change. This public regional multi-hazards watch system aims at providing decision ready information, to support transnational coordination and early action across borders.
Languages: English
Access: Free
ODI The Global Transboundary Climate Risk Report
This report by Adaptation Without Borders is the first collection of evidence on – largely unrecognised – risks that undermine effective responses to climate change: a ‘blind spot’ in both climate policies and solutions. It report brings together the best available knowledge, drawing on a wealth of case studies, in three parts: the state of knowledge on transboundary climate risks; assessing 10 globally significant transboundary climate risks; and the solution space to managing transboundary climate risks.
Languages: English
Access: Free
UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profiles (HIPs) 2025 update
The HIPs serve as a trusted source of scientifically grounded, standardized hazard information used by governments, agencies, researchers and educators worldwide. They support risk assessment, disaster preparedness, loss tracking and multi-sectoral planning. Above all, they are a practical resource – valued because they are usable, useful and used.
Languages: English
Access: Free
ODI Climate risk report for the Central and South Asia region
This climate risk report for the Central and South Asia region is part of a series of standardised regional climate risk reports produced by the Met Office in collaboration with ODI Global. These were identified by considering the current climate and climate change model projections from the present day to the 2050s, and their interaction with regional socio-economic vulnerabilities.
Languages: English
Access: Free
European Climate Risk Assessment (EUCRA)
The first European Climate Risk Assessment (EUCRA) is a comprehensive assessment of the major climate risks facing Europe today and in the future. It identifies 36 climate risks that threaten our energy and food security, ecosystems, infrastructure, water resources, financial systems, and people’s health. Many of these risks have already reached critical levels and can become catastrophic without urgent and decisive action.
Languages: English
Access: Free
For assessing environmental risk see Environmental Sustainability page
The Climate Risk Sourcebook (CR‐SB) delivers a conceptual framework for a comprehensive Climate Risk Assessment (CRA) together with modular instructions, divided in eight modules, on how it can be conducted. It can be used:
Languages: English
Access: Free
Climate Risk Assessment Method Search Engine (CRAMSE)
A plethora of Climate Risk Assessment (CRA) methods have been developed until now. However, not every method fits for every context. The here presented CRA-Method Search Engine “CRAMSE” aims to support practitioners in identifying methods that fit best for their specific interests, including in the humanitarian sector.
Languages: English
Access: Free
World Bank Assessing Climate Change Risks in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations
The aim of the paper is to address the major development challenges faced by low- and middle-income geographies affected by fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV), which hinder efforts to alleviate extreme poverty and promote equity. At least two-thirds of the global extreme poor will be living in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS) by 2030. Recognizing the interconnectedness of climate change, fragility, and conflict in FCS is vital for formulating comprehensive strategies that address the root causes of fragility and foster sustainable, climate-resilient development. The impacts of climate variability and change interact with and exacerbate vulnerabilities and existing tensions, leading to heightened risks and instability
Languages: English
Access: Free
IFRC Enhanced Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment
The Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment is a long-standing approach of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement better known by its acronym ‘VCA’. It is a participatory process developed for communities to become more resilient through the assessment and analysis of the risks they face and the identification of actions to reduce these risks. This platform has been created to make the guidance, tools and other resources easily accessible to staff and volunteers. It is hoped it will support both seasoned practitioners and newcomers in the facilitation of EVCAs.
Languages: English
Access: Free
CARE Climate Justice Academy Guides
The CARE Climate and Resilience Academy is an online learning platform and capacity-sharing initiative run by the CARE Climate Justice Center and supported by CARE experts. Its main objective is to increase humanitarian and development practitioners’ capacities to integrate climate change and adaptation in programs and policies, thereby increasing the resilience of most vulnerable people to climate-related risk. The following guides are useful in assessing risk in humanitarian programming
Languages: English, French, Spanish (CVCA)
Access: Free
Impact Initiatives New approaches for improved climate shock monitoring
This brief is based on a research focused on the Horn of Africa region, much of which has faced extreme climatic variability in the past few years, negatively affecting water access, as well as food security and livelihoods. This research focused specifically on the transboundary arid zones, which make up the majority of Somalia, northern Kenya and eastern Ethiopia, and share many similarities in environment, climate and livelihoods. Using both remote sensing analysis and recent primary data from REACH’s assessments conducted across the region, the original report aimed to analyse climatic trends and impacts of climatic shocks. This analysis is a first attempt to show the utility of integrating remote sensing to identify how we need to adjust our research programmes to enable more consistent identification and inclusion of climate vulnerable populations in the humanitarian planning and prioritization processes.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Managing Risks in Wetlands – a Practitioners Guide
This guide is an assessment methodology for integrated site-level climate risk assessment and adaptation planning. The guide demonstrates how climate risks can be integrated in site-level wetland management to capture co-benefits while maintaining the wise use approach of the Ramsar Convention on wetlands. It sets out a simple and flexible process that can accommodate inputs of scientific evidence, expert judgment and community knowledge, and includes various participatory elements like stakeholder discussions and field missions. The method can be used at community or expert level and can be exercised over a few days or many weeks.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Community-based Risk Screening Tool – Adaptation and Livelihoods (CRiSTAL)
CRiSTAL is a project-planning tool that helps users design activities that support climate adaptation (i.e., adaptation to climate variability and change) at the community level.
Languages: English
Access: Free
FAO The Climate Risk Toolbox (CRTB) and Guiding document
The Climate Risk Toolbox (CRTB) is an open-access resource, developed to mainstream climate resilience within agricultural investment projects, policy plans, and decision-making processes, by allowing users worldwide (including policymakers, climate funds, project formulators, and international development organizations) to perform climate risk screenings. The CRTB supports climate-focused decision-making, through the visualization of climate risk hotspots by identifying hazard probability, exposure and vulnerability of targeted agricultural systems and communities. During the risk screening process, tailored recommendations are given to promote agricultural transformation and adaptation to climate change
Languages: English
Access: Free
Climate, Environment and Disaster Risk Reduction Integration Guidance (CEDRIG)
CEDRIG is a practical and user friendly tool developed by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). It is meant to systematically integrate climate, environment and disaster risk reduction (DRR) into development cooperation and humanitarian aid in order to enhance the overall resilience of systems and communities. CEDRIG is divided into 3 parts: CEDRIG Light will help you to decide whether a detailed risk and impact assessment must be conducted or not. In case of a ‘yes’, CEDRIG Strategic will help you to analyze strategies and programs, while CEDRIG Operational will be applied for projects. The website also includes case studies of CEDRIG.
Languages: English, French, Spanish, Russian
Access: Free
CGIAR / IWMI – Climate Smart Governance Platform
The Climate-Smart Governance Dashboard provides accurate data on climate-related hazards, population vulnerability, forecast climate scenarios, sector-relevant data (water, health, agriculture, ecosystem), infrastructure and climate-related projects to support coordinated mid- to long-term adaptation planning aligned to global development goals. The CSG Dashboard has been developed as part of the CGIAR initiative on Climate Resilience (ClimBeR). The CSG Dashboard has been designed with the NAP process in mind to provide a space in which public- and private sector entities can obtain and use up-to-date data to develop effective, well-coordinated adaptation policies; monitor and evaluate progress towards meeting adaptation goals; collaborate for effective use of resources; and share information on best practices and investment opportunities.
Languages: English
Access: Free
The new website provides the latest information on climate mitigation and climate impacts, and aims to be a comprehensive resource for individuals, businesses, and policymakers looking to use some of the latest data from research on climate impacts and net zero mitigation pathways. It includes – national dashboard, net zero stories and case studies, and climate impacts explorer map. To help with understanding where climate risks might be located and how many people might be affected by it, this database of 12 climate change indicators with 42 different measurements tracks the change of these indicators for different increases in global mean temperature (1.2 °C-3.5 °C) relative to a world without human-induced climate change. The indicators cover different sectors such as precipitation, water resources, temperature, and energy demands.
Languages: English
Access: Free
CRISP Tool for Agri-Food Systems
CRISP is an interactive tool that supports you to mainstream climate risk considerations into your project design and implementation. It specifically addresses project managers and practitioners in agriculture, rural development and food and nutrition security projects. CRISP guides you through a process to understand climate related risks associated with specific agricultural systems, articulate science-based adaptation hypotheses, identify cascading impacts and review relevant adaptation options.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Decision Support System (DSS) – UN ESCAP
The Decision Support System provides contextual analysis of variety of hazard, risk and vulnerability, socio-economic information to support informed decision making. Using different tools, users can easily understand the location of risky areas, what makes them risky and finally identify the means for reducing and adapting to those risks.
Languages: English
Access: Free
The Partnership for Resilience and Preparedness (PREP) is a public-private collaboration launched in September 2016 that seeks to improve access to useful data and empower communities and businesses to better plan for and build climate resilience. There are two key elements to PREP: the partnership itself and the online platform it supports. Through the platform, users can search for climate, physical, and socioeconomic data. Create and share beautiful map visualizations and overlays, etc.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific (RRC.AP) and the FloodS Tool
RRC.AP supports the Sustainable Development Goals by providing resources, capacity-building, and science-based policy guidance to stakeholders, governments, and communities. FloodS is a flood forecasting tool. The introduction of this tool is owing to the requirement of climate adaptation in the region to forecast the flood and their expected impact for appropriate adaptation strategies as a part of a larger climate adaptation plan in the region. The knowledge from the deployment of the tool will help countries in the implementation of an integrated climate-resilient flood risk management approach and improve their existing capacity in understanding the potential impacts of climate change on flooding and flood risk management and enhance the resilience of vulnerable communities.
Languages: English
Access: To use the FloodS simulation function, please send an email to elearning@rrcap.ait.ac.th with: your name, country, organization, purpose of use, and email address.
Model for the Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Induced Climate Change (MAGICC) MAGICC is a reduced-complexity model that synthesizes current scientific understanding about different gas-cycles, including the global carbon cycle and climate system. It produces internally consistent projections of atmospheric concentrations, radiative forcing, and global-mean surface air temperature, in addition to ice melt and sea level rise. It is a prime reduced-complexity model, often used by IPCC, for key scientific publications and by several Integrated Assessment Models.
Languages: English
Access: Free
The Global Resource Information Database – Geneva (GRID-Geneva), is a partnership between the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) and the University of Geneva (UniGe). GRID-Geneva’s main role is to transform data into information and knowledge to support the decision making process related to environmental issues. GRID-Geneva’s scientists can process satellite imagery using remote sensing software, create models from geospatial data using Geographical Information Systems (GIS), generate interactive maps and graphs for automatic updates.
Languages: English
Access: Free
The Flood Hub provides users with locally relevant flood data and flood forecasts up to 7 days in advance so they can take timely action. It is a visual, easy-to-use resource that displays local riverine flood maps and water trends and gives real-time flood forecasts and alerts based on Google’s AI models and global data sources. The Flood Hub is designed to meet the needs of governments, local aid organizations, and people directly at risk. All information is free of charge, publicly available, and can be shared over social networks. Forecasts are updated daily. Flood Hub currently covers river basins in over 150 countries worldwide, providing critical flood forecasting to a population of 700M people. Google also provide researchers and experts with expanded coverage — based on “virtual gauges” for locations where data is scarce — via an API, the GRRR dataset, the inundation data set as well an expert data layer on Flood Hub with close to 250,000 forecast points of their Flood Forecasting model.
Languages: English
Access: Free. Find more information on how to access the Flood Forecasting API
Climate, Disaster Risk Reduction and Environment CDE network
The CDE Network fosters knowledge, assists the policy dialogue in-house, disseminates experiences and innovation from SDC and partners, and informs on our multilateral engagement in Climate and DRR action. The CDE Network also operates a platform of resources and events. The network is open for new members from all institutions. Being a member allows you to:
Languages: English
Access: For more information about joining the network, visit this site. If you are interested in becoming a member of the Network, please fill in this form: Become a CDE Network member
This case study demonstrates how climate risk data can be collected, validated with communities, and used locally to inform action. The case study is grounded in an Area-Based Assessment (ABA) in Ciénaga, Colombia, which collected mixed (qualitative + quantitative) data from local populations, displaced persons, migrants, etc., about living conditions, coping mechanisms, exposure to flood risk and climate-hazards. The findings were shared with communities and local actors who then assessed how well the data represented their experiences and what gaps remained, allowing for more locally relevant decisions and planning.
Languages: English
Access: Free
This case study highlights an Area-Based Risk Assessment in Koralai Pattu South, Sri Lanka, which mapped climate and disaster risks such as floods, droughts, and human–wildlife conflict alongside social vulnerabilities like female-headed households. By identifying high-risk zones at the local administrative level, the assessment provided a clear picture of how hazards and vulnerabilities intersect. The findings were designed to guide humanitarian actors and local authorities in planning targeted interventions to strengthen community resilience.
Languages: English
Access: Free
WeADAPT Case Studies
This theme aims to collate work on climate change vulnerability definitions, concepts and frameworks and highlight case assessments of vulnerability from community to cities to national level and from livelihoods to resource sectors by researchers and practitioner. It includes over 75 Case Studies.
Languages: English
Access: Free
NDEO Report on Climate Impacts on Women’s and Girls’ Sexual and Reproductive Health in Taiz, Yemen
This study explores the impacts of climate changes such as rising temperatures, droughts, and extreme rainfall on women and girls the sexual and reproductive health in Al-Misrakh and Mashra’a Wa Hadnan districts. It also analyses the social and economic factors associated with these impacts.
Languages: English
Access: Free
How AI helped send cash just before floods hit in Nigeria
Getting cash to people before disaster strikes can save lives. GiveDirectly piloted an AI-powered flood response in Nigeria, using Google Floods, predicting where floods would hit and delivering early cash to those most at risk. By combining cutting-edge forecasts with local insights, GiveDirectly reached flood-prone communities faster, more affordably, and with greater precision—delivering aid before the waters rose.
Languages: English
Access: Free
This study examined the challenges posed by climate change on sea ice conditions, seasonal shifts, food security and livelihoods of Inuit in Hopedale, Nunatsiavut in the Canadian Arctic. It documented the adaptation strategies employed and the challenges facing these adaptations. This study used decolonising research methods and collaborated with Inuit communities to co-produce knowledge and utilise traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and participatory monitoring to monitor, characterise and understand environmental transformations
Languages: English
Access: Free
Climate-ADAPT 10 Case Studies: How Europe is adapting to climate change
This unique collection of 10 European case studies showcases measures that are already being carried out in Europe to increase resilience to extreme weather and slow-onset events, as well as improve adaptation to climate change.
Languages: English
Access: Free
Indus Basin of Pakistan: Impacts of Climate Risks on Water and Agriculture
This study, Indus basin of Pakistan: the impacts of climate risks on water and agriculture was undertaken at a pivotal time in the region. The weak summer monsoon in 2009 created drought conditions throughout the country. This followed an already tenuous situation for many rural households faced with high fuel and fertilizer costs and the impacts of rising global food prices. Then catastrophic monsoon flooding in 2010 affected over 20 million people, devastating their housing, infrastructure, and crops. Damages from this single flood event were estimated at US dollar 10 billion, half of which were losses in the agriculture sector. Notwithstanding the debate as to whether these observed extremes are evidence of climate change, an investigation is needed regarding the extent to which the country is resilient to these shocks. It is thus timely, if not critical, to focus on climate risks for water, agriculture, and food security in the Indus basin of Pakistan.
Languages: English
Access: Free